Uncover the most important needs of your customers.
Uncover a customer segment’s most important jobs
Uncover a customer segment’s most critical pains.
Uncover a customer segment’s most important gains.
Learn how to use the Customer Interview Template.
Below are questions to help uncover a customer segment’s most critical pains. These categories cover functional, emotional, social, risk, quality, and adoption barriers, ensuring you capture a holistic view of customer pain points.
Use them as an inspiration to adapt and complete your Customer Interview Template.
1. Cost, Time, and Effort Pains
Reveals where customers find tasks too costly, time‐consuming, or labor-intensive, exposing inefficiencies that a solution must address.
- “What aspects of your current process for […] are too time-consuming?”
Helps quantify time drain and inefficiency. - “Which parts of your workflow for […] cost you more money than you’d like?”
Uncovers financial burdens customers face. - “Where do you feel you’re expending excessive effort to get […] done?”
Highlights energy and resource wastage. - “What makes a task feel too costly or inefficient when doing […]?”
Reveals customer thresholds for cost and effort. - “Can you describe a recent instance when the cost (time/money) of […] was a major issue?”
Anchors pain in real-life experience. - “How do these costs affect your willingness to adopt new solutions for […]?”
Connects pain to potential adoption barriers.
2. Frustration and Operational Pains
Focuses on everyday frustrations and operational challenges, revealing where current solutions fall short and create headaches.
- “What are the most frustrating parts of managing […]?”
Pinpoints the top annoyances in the process. - “What operational challenges do you face when trying to complete […]?”
Identifies specific process bottlenecks. - “Where does your current approach fall short in features or performance for […]?”
Highlights functional gaps and unmet needs. - “What is the biggest headache you experience during […]?”
Reveals acute stress points. - “How do these frustrations affect your daily routine?”
Shows the broader impact of operational pain. - “What would make these challenges more bearable for you?”
Suggests areas for improvement.
3. Emotional and Social Pains
Digs into how pains impact customers on a personal and social level, capturing the emotional burden and negative social consequences of current challenges.
- “What situations during […] leave you feeling overwhelmed or anxious?”
Exposes the emotional strain of the process. - “How do these challenges affect your self-confidence or stress levels?”
Connects pain with personal well-being. - “What negative social consequences have you encountered or fear due to […]?”
Uncovers social stigma or loss of reputation. - “Can you share a time when a problem with […] led to embarrassment or loss of status?”
Anchors social pain in concrete examples. - “What emotional toll does dealing with […] take on you?”
Reveals the hidden emotional burden. - “How do you think resolving these issues would change how others perceive you?”
Links potential improvements to social validation.
4. Risk and Uncertainty Pains
Identifies the risks customers fear—financial, technical, or social—and the uncertainty that stops them from achieving their goals.
- “What risks do you fear when dealing with […]?”
Broadly uncovers risk concerns. - “How do you assess the financial risks associated with your current approach to […]?”
Focuses on monetary risk implications. - “Are there technical or reliability issues that worry you about […]?”
Highlights potential breakdowns or failures. - “What social risks, such as loss of trust or status, do you worry about with […]?”
Sheds light on the social ramifications of failure. - “Can you describe a time when uncertainty about […] caused you to hesitate?”
Reveals how risk-induced indecision manifests. - “How do these risks impact your willingness to try new solutions?”
Connects perceived risk to barriers for adoption.
5. Performance and Quality Gaps
Focuses on where existing solutions underperform or fail to meet customer expectations, leading to dissatisfaction and missed opportunities.
- “Where does your current solution for […] fail to deliver on performance?”
Identifies gaps between expectation and reality. - “What features do you feel are missing that would improve your experience with […]?”
Uncovers opportunities for enhancement. - “How does your current approach underperform compared to your expectations for […]?”
Highlights quality discrepancies. - “What reliability issues do you encounter with […]?”
Reveals operational shortcomings. - “How do these performance gaps affect your overall satisfaction?”
Connects quality issues to customer sentiment. - “What would a perfect solution look like in terms of quality and performance for […]?”
Provides a benchmark for desired improvements.
6. Adoption and Implementation Barriers
Examines the obstacles that prevent customers from embracing new solutions, such as high costs, complexity, or integration issues, which can stall progress.
- “What barriers have prevented you from adopting a new solution for […]?”
Identifies the main obstacles to change. - “Are there significant upfront costs or investments that deter you from switching to a new approach?”
Highlights financial hurdles. - “How steep is the learning curve with your current tools for […]?”
Reveals complexity as a barrier. - “What integration challenges do you face when introducing new solutions for […]?”
Focuses on compatibility and transition issues. - “How does the risk of change impact your decision to adopt a new solution for […]?”
Connects uncertainty with reluctance to change. - “What improvements would be necessary to overcome these barriers?”
Suggests key requirements for successful adoption. - “Have you ever abandoned a solution because it was too complex or costly? Why?”
Provides concrete examples of adoption failure.

You can use The Customer Interview Template for free. Instead, I would appreciate your feedback after at least 15 interviews to help me create useful innovation tools!